Serums, Oils, & Toners

A serum is a lightweight, water-based formula with a high concentration of active ingredients that penetrates deeply into the skin. A facial oil is lipid-based, sits on the skin surface, and provides moisture, barrier repair, and nourishment. They are complementary: apply serum first to deliver actives, then oil or moisturiser to seal them in.

Rosehip oil is high in essential fatty acids (omega-3, omega-6, omega-9) and contains natural vitamin A precursors (beta-carotene) and vitamin C. It supports skin repair, reduces the appearance of scars and hyperpigmentation, improves skin tone, and provides deep moisture without heaviness. It is suitable for dry, ageing, and sun-damaged skin.

For most skin types, alcohol-free toners are preferable. Alcohol denat (denatured alcohol) dries and sensitises the skin and can disrupt the skin barrier with regular use. Alcohol-free toners using hydrating and calming ingredients such as aloe vera, rose water, witch hazel, and hyaluronic acid are effective and non-irritating for all skin types.

Jojoba oil is technically a liquid wax rather than an oil. It closely resembles the skin's own sebum in structure, which means it is exceptionally well tolerated by most skin types including oily and acne-prone skin. It is non-comedogenic, provides deep moisture, and balances sebum production over time. It is one of the most universally recommended natural facial oils.

Hyaluronic acid is a molecule naturally produced by the body that holds up to 1,000 times its weight in water. In skincare it provides intense hydration and plumps the appearance of fine lines. Natural hyaluronic acid is biosynthesised through fermentation (not extracted from animals). Plant-based alternatives that provide similar moisture-binding properties include aloe vera and tremella mushroom extract.